As a person attached to the Electricity industry of Vietnam through teaching as well as participating in management activities, how do you assess the achievements of the Electricity industry over the years?

With the mission of supplying enough electricity to the country, in recent years, Vietnam’s electricity industry has made great progress with many proud achievements.

From the negligible and poor source and grid since 1954, our country now has a solid electricity system with a total capacity of more than 38,800 MW, the national grid has covered the whole country. with over 6,000 km of 500 kV lines, 30,000 km of lines from 110 kV-220 kV and hundreds of thousands of km of distribution networks of all kinds. The annual electricity production reached over 150 billion kWh, the commercial electricity in 2015 reached 143.34 billion kWh. Electricity output per capita nationwide reached more than 1,400 kWh / year.

Along with that, the Electricity Industry has successfully implemented the program of rural electrification, pulling and supplying electricity to remote, border areas and islands. By 2015, nearly 100% of communes and over 98% of households have access to electricity. Although the Electricity industry has many compliments and criticisms, this is something that no one can deny.

Over the years, the Electricity Industry has made efforts to implement the rural electrification program

Over the past years, the electricity industry has also been constantly innovating, approaching science and technology, new technologies and information technology in order to improve the management capacity, production and business efficiency, and customer service. Construction and completion of large hydroelectric plants for electricity generation; put advanced gas turbine technology into the construction, efficient management and operation of thermal power plants. In the power transmission technology, a 500 kV ultra-high voltage line has been built from the North to the South, merging 3 previously operated electricity systems into a national and unified operating system. Vietnam is also one of the countries with the highest rural electrification rates in the world; Access time to electricity is constantly being improved and appreciated by international organizations.

Another achievement, it can be added that in management, the electricity industry has changed from monopoly, subject to many social complaints to a market mechanism with many better and better service indicators.

According to Professor, what time is the highlight of the outstanding development of the Electricity industry?

The year 1994 marked the growth of Vietnam’s electricity industry through the completion of the construction of a 500 kV ultra-high voltage line using the most advanced transmission technology at the time; then the establishment of the Electricity Corporation, the National Load Dispatch Center. After that, a series of electricity works in all regions were built and put into generation.

From 1954 to the 1990s, due to the war and resolving the consequences of the war, the power supply was always short of, unstable quality. In 90, the total capacity of the whole country was only about 1,800 MW, the electricity output was about 8-10 billion kWh. Electricity is used as a contract, there is no electricity meter, but the power loss happens frequently, the electricity quality is flickering, sometimes only used for living lighting.

The operation of the North-South 500kV transmission line not only plays a role in linking regional power grids, connecting power plants to the system, basically solving the power shortage of the South and the Central, but also. become the premise for the rapid development of electricity system today.

How does the Electricity sector contribute to the development of Industry and Trade and the country’s economy, Professor?

To develop the country’s economy, electricity must be one step ahead. Power projects not only create many socio-economic benefits for the locality such as increasing industrial value, creating jobs, social security, budget revenues, creating an environment to attract investment. At the same time, it also contributes to the promotion of other industries from industry, construction, agriculture to trade and services … For example, when the 500kV North – South circuit 1 line is put into operation, the speed The growth of commercial electricity of the whole country increased from 5-6% in the period of 1990-1992 to over 18% in the period of 1993-1997, of which the Central and Southern regions was 21%. As a result, the average industrial output growth rate reached 12-14% in the period 1990-1995, exceeding the targets set out by the Party’s Seventh National Congress.

Just look at the achievements of the Industry and Trade sector, the country in recent years, you will see the contribution of the Electricity industry. From negligible up to now, the Electricity industry has made provision, providing sufficient demand for loads with the quality and service constantly increasing, contributing to improving the national competitiveness and attracting investment; help transform regional economic structure; promote the production of goods for consumption and export.

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On December 21, 1954, after taking over the capital, the beloved Uncle Ho visited the Bo Ho Lamp Factory. Here, he advised: “… The factory is now owned by the Government, the People, the girls, the uncles. Ladies and gentlemen, you must keep it together and develop it … ”. December 21 every year has become the traditional Day of Electricity of Vietnam. On the occasion of the 59th Anniversary of the Traditional Day, Vietnam Energy Editor introduces readers to the milestones of Electricity of Vietnam.

1. President Ho Chi Minh visits the Electricity industry

On December 21, 1954, more than two months after taking over the capital, Uncle Ho visited Yen Phu Power Plant and Bo Ho Lamp Factory. At this friendly meeting, Uncle said: “This factory is now owned by the people, the Government, the ladies and the uncles. Ladies and gentlemen, owners must keep the factory, make it grow more … ”Since then, December 21 every year is considered as the Traditional Day of Vietnam’s Electricity Industry.

2. Establishing the first state management agency in charge of electricity

On July 21, 1955, the Minister of Industry and Trade issued Decision No. 169-BCT / ND / KB (Deputy Minister Dang Viet Chau signed) to set up the Electricity Department under the Ministry of Industry and Trade and appointed Mr. Ho Quy Dien as the Department. chief. This event marked a legal milestone on the direction and management activities of the state management agency in charge of electricity. On February 21, 1961, the Ministry of Irrigation and Electricity issued Decision No. 86-TLĐL / QD on transforming the Electricity Department into the General Department of Electricity. On December 28, 1962, the Government Council issued a decision to separate the General Department of Electricity from the Ministry of Irrigation and Electricity and belonged to the Ministry of Heavy Industry. Later changed its name to Electricity Department. On October 6, 1969, the Ministry of Electricity and Coal issued Decision No. 106 / QD / TC to set up the Electricity Company (now Electricity Company 1) under the Ministry of Electricity and Coal with the task of producing and trading electricity. and operate under the economic accounting regime. In 1981, the Ministry of Electricity was born.

3. Increasing the total capacity of the national electricity source to 2 times in 1954

When taking over the capital in October 1954, the facilities only had 31.5 MW of capacity, the electricity output was about 53 million kWh / year. In the period from 1956 to 1958, after a period of consolidation, the management facilities after taking over, upgrading, repairing the factories and lines left by France, at the same time 3 new thermal power plants started construction, including Vinh Power Plant (8 MW), Thanh Hoa Thermal Power Plant (6 MW) and Lao Cai Thermal Power Plant (8 MW), bringing the total capacity of the source to double compared to 1954. This is the initial step. First important, paving the way for the increasingly strong development of power systems and power grids of Vietnam in the following years.

4. Construction of the first 35 kV medium voltage line

In January 1958, the first 35 kV transmission line (Hanoi – Pho Noi) was constructed and in the third quarter of the same year was inaugurated and successfully energized. Previously, after taking over the capital, the old 30.5 kV lines were only renovated and upgraded to 35 kV; Power transmission lines such as Hanoi-Ha Dong, Hanoi-Son Tay, Hanoi-Pho Noi, Thai Binh-Nam Dinh … have been restored to use.

5. Constructing the first Uong Bi Thermal Power Plant with the largest capacity in the North

On 19/5/1961, Uong Bi Thermal Power Plant with a capacity of 48 MW was started construction. 1963 inaugurated and put into operation. This is a thermal power plant with the largest capacity in the North in the early period of building socialism. The Soviet-assisted factory built, supplied equipment and trained officials and workers; is one of the key sources of electricity in the construction of socialism in the North. Later, the plant was upgraded to 153 MW. In May 2002, the project of Uong Bi Thermal Power Plant expanded the capacity of 300 MW (1 unit) was started by EVN as an investor, with an investment of over 300 million USD. To date, this plant has generated commercial electricity. Currently, EVN is continuing to invest in Uong Bi Thermal Power Plant 2 expansion project with a capacity of 300 MW.

6. Constructing the first 110 kV transmission line of the North

In the third quarter of 1962, the first 110 kV transmission line of the North (Dong Anh-Viet Tri and Uong Bi-Hai Phong) was started construction and by the fourth quarter of 1963 completed energizing. The next time, many power plants, transmission lines and 110 kV and 35 kV TBAs were born. Nine out of 12 power plants were connected by 110 kV lines, forming a complete electrical system of the North. This was the most brilliant development period for the electrical system before the US waged a war to sabotage the North.

7. Building the first Thac Ba Hydroelectricity Plant in the North

On August 19, 1964, starting construction of Thac Ba Hydroelectric Plant (Yen Bai) with a capacity of 108 MW; inaugurated (phase 1) and put into operation on October 5, 1971. This is the first large-capacity hydroelectric project in Vietnam built with the help of the Soviet Union. After the war of sabotage in the North, Thac Ba Hydropower was completely restored and in early 1973 all 3 units were put into operation.

8. Establishment of Central Power Company

On 7/10/1975, Central Power Company (now Power Company 3) was established. After the liberation, the electricity facilities in the Central region were mostly small, fragmented, without high-voltage transmission grids, the whole region had only 150 dispersed diesel generators in urban areas, the total capacity. order is 74 MW. The Central Power Company was born as a condition to ensure unity in the management and operation; At the same time, consolidating and developing electricity production and trading in the whole Central Region: Central Power Company then changed its name to Electricity Company 3. Currently Electricity Company 3 (PC3) is a member enterprise. under Electricity of Vietnam (EVN), operating in a variety of industries, of which the main industry is electricity production and trading with its operating areas in 13 provinces and cities in the Central and Central Highlands.

9. Establishment of the Southern Power Company

On August 7, 1976, the Minister of Electricity and Coal issued Decision No. 1592 / QD-TCCB.3 on changing the name of the General Department of Electricity (established immediately after the South was completely liberated) into a Electricity Company. South. On May 9, 1981, the Southern Power Company changed its name to Electricity Company 2 according to Decision No. 15 / TTCBB.3 of the Minister of Electricity. On April 7, 1993, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 147-TTg to transfer Power Company 2 under the Ministry of Energy. From April 1, 1995, Electricity Company 2 was re-established, directly under Vietnam Electricity Corporation (now Vietnam Electricity Group).

10. The first 220 kV transmission line was built

In March 1979, the 220 kV Ha Dong – Hoa Binh transmission line was started construction and put into operation in May 1981. This is the first 220 kV transmission line in the North, improving the transmission capacity, providing electricity and creating technical basis for the construction of the 500 kV North-South super high voltage line in the future.

11. Building the first largest Hoa Binh hydroelectric plant in Vietnam

On November 6, 1979, tens of thousands of Vietnamese employees and 186 Soviet experts participated in the Commencement Ceremony of Hoa Binh Hydroelectric Plant. At that time, this was the largest hydroelectric project in Vietnam which was helped by the Soviet Union with 8 units with a total capacity of 1,920 MW. After more than 3 years, at 9:00 am on 12/01/1983, the first river blocking ceremony was solemnly held in the presence of Prime Minister Pham Van Dong and the leaders of the Party and State. On January 9, 1986, blocking Da River phase 2. On December 30, 1988, Unit 1 (240 MW) was generating electricity and connecting to the national electricity grid. After that, each year to complete and put 1-2 units into operation. On 20/12/1994, Hoa Binh Hydroelectricity Project was inaugurated. The completion of Hoa Binh Hydroelectricity marks a new development step of the energy industry and the industrialization and modernization of the country.

12. Implementation of the Phase 1 power development diagram (1981-1985)

For the first time, Vietnam formulated and implemented the electricity development plan. During this period, the Electricity industry has urgently built and completed large projects of national strategic importance such as: Pha Lai Thermal Power, Hoa Binh Hydroelectricity, consolidating Ninh Binh Thermal Power Plant, Thai Nguyen. , fully exploit the capacity of Thac Ba Hydroelectricity … Regarding the power grid, 220 kV lines of Thanh Hoa – Vinh, Pha Lai – Ha Dong, 110 kV and 220 kV stations of Ha Dong were loaded early ahead of schedule, constructed. building Yen Phu 110 kV station. Many intermediate stations and distribution lines are installed and operated. In general, although there are many economic difficulties, in general, Schematic 1 has achieved remarkable results as follows: Put Pha Lai Thermal Power Plant and power grid projects on schedule, meeting the electricity demand in the 1981-1985 period. In turn, after that, the electricity industry has continuously implemented the electricity master plans (Plans) II, III, IV, V. Currently, the VI electricity planning (2006-2015 period, oriented to 2025) is ongoing. be implemented. In particular, EVN invested capital in 42 source projects with a total capacity of 22,748 MW / 59,463 MW (accounting for 38.3% of the total newly installed capacity of the whole country). To invest in a 500 kV grid of 13,200 MVA transformer stations and 3,178 km of lines; 220 kV grid including 39,063 MVA transformer stations and 9,592 km of lines; 110 kV grid including 41,315 MVA transformer stations and 12,659 km of lines. Currently, EVN and related ministries and agencies are preparing to continue developing the Electricity Master Plan VII.

13. Construction of 500 kV ultra high voltage line

On April 5, 1992, a 1,487 km long 500 kV North-South super high-voltage line was started construction and on May 27, 1994, inaugurated and energized operation. This event marked a breakthrough development of Vietnam Electricity. The national electricity system of Vietnam from here was formed on the basis of linking the North – Central – South electricity network through the “backbone” axis of 500 kV line. On October 23, 2005, the 500 kV North – South circuit 2 line continued to be completed and put into operation, ensuring the 500 kV ultra high voltage transmission system in parallel to the South – North two – way power transmission network , solid linkage, safe and reliable operation. If the 500 kV circuit 1 line shows the determination, effort and intellectual level of the electricity makers, the success of the 500 kV circuit 2Z circuit will continue to assert the “Vietnamese brand” in manufacturing equipment. , design and construction of ultra high voltage lines.

14. Establishing the National Load Dispatch Center

On April 11, 1994, Thai Minister of Energy Thai Phung Ne signed Decision No. 180 / NL / TCCB-LD on the establishment of the National Load Dispatch Center (Ao), with the following duties: administer the system of production, transmission and distribution of electricity in the national electricity system according to the decentralized management hierarchy, in order to achieve optimal technical and economic results, ensure that the national electricity system operates. Safe, continuous, reliable.

15. Establishing Vietnam Electricity Corporation

Vietnam Electricity Corporation was established under the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 562 / QD-TTg of October 10, 1994 on the basis of rearranging units under the Ministry of Energy; organize and operate in accordance with the Regulation issued together with Decree No. 14-CP of January 27, 1995 of the Government. On January 1, 1995, the Vietnam Electricity Corporation (EVN) officially launched, operating in the field of electricity production and trading nationwide. From April 1, 1995, EVN started operating all the electricity industry, including power generation, transmission, distribution, construction investment based on the approved electricity development master plans. . The birth of EVN marked a turning point in the renovation process, shifting to a market mechanism under the management of the State. As a large enterprise, the electricity industry balances its own finance, economic accounting and self-financing in order to preserve and develop capital, and promote regional and international integration.

16. Successful production of a 220 kV MBA with a capacity of 250 MVA

In 1995, DLVN marked an important development step when completing the successful research and design of the 110 kV – 25,000 kVA transformer. In 2003, successfully manufactured the 220 kV – 125 MVA MBA. By 2005, the Mechanical Electrical Industry had successfully repaired the 500 kV MBA and successfully produced the 220 kV MBA with a capacity of 250 MVA. This is a huge step forward for the Vietnam Electricity industry in confirming internal resources, limiting the use of imported goods and hiring foreign repair and consulting experts.

17. Application of specific mechanisms and policies to urgent electricity works

In order to ensure the speeding up of electricity works to meet the increasing electricity demand, EVN has been allowed by the Government to apply specific mechanisms and policies to electricity works. Specifically, hydropower projects under construction and will start construction in the 2006-2010 period shall comply with the mechanisms and policies prescribed in the Government’s documents: No. 797 / CP-CN dated June 17, 2003 and No. 400 / CP-CN of March 26, 2004. Next, 14 urgent electricity construction projects in the 2006-2010 period and after 2010 will continue to apply this mechanism under the Government’s Decision No. 1195 / QD-TTg of November 9, 2005. After a short time of application, these mechanisms have shown superiority, achieving high efficiency in projects that have been invested and built.

18. The Electricity Law was officially enacted

On December 3, 2004, at the 6th session, the 11th National Assembly passed the Electricity Law and officially came into effect from July 1, 2005. The introduction of the Electricity Law has created a legal corridor for electricity activities, raising the transparency and fairness for parties involved in electricity activities, contributing to improving the capacity of electricity supply for country economy.

19. Opening of Phu My Electricity Center

On April 10, 2005, Phu My Power Center was inaugurated with 6 power plants with a total capacity of 3,859 MW, twice as large as Hoa Binh Hydroelectricity. In particular, EVN invested in building factories of Phu My 1, Phu My 2.1, expanded Phu My 2.1 and Phu My 4; Phu My 3 and Phu My 2.2 plants are invested by foreign investors in the form of BOT. This is an important project acknowledging the remarkable development of Vietnam’s electricity industry. At the same time, by participating in the construction of works, the power consultancy force of the industry has initially approached modern technology and took the initiative in consulting the design of gas-fired power plants.

20. Establishing the Electricity Regulatory Authority

On October 19, 2005, Prime Minister Phan Van Khai signed Decision No. 258/2005 / QD-TTg establishing the Electricity Regulatory Authority (ERAV) of the Ministry of Industry (now the Ministry of Industry and Trade). The Electricity Regulatory Authority has the function of assisting the Minister of Industry and Trade to perform the function of regulating electricity activities and electricity markets, aiming to contribute to safe, stable, quality and economical electricity supply. , be effective and ensure the fairness, transparency, in accordance with the law.

21. Commencement of construction of Son La hydroelectric plant (the largest in Vietnam and Southeast Asia)

On December 2, 2005, Son La Hydropower – the largest hydroelectric project in Vietnam and Southeast Asia was started construction. With a total designed capacity of 2,400 MW, the annual electricity output is expected to be 10.2 billion kWh. Son La Hydropower has a total investment of VND 36,933 billion, is a multi-purpose project, which is particularly important in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. It is expected that unit 1 will generate electricity in 2010 and complete the whole project in 2012.

22. Establishing a competitive electricity market in Vietnam

On January 26, 2006, the Prime Minister signed Decision No. 26/2006 / TTg approving the roadmap, conditions for formation and development of electricity market levels in Vietnam. In order to realize the objective of gradually developing the competitive electricity market, attracting investment capital, improving production and business efficiency, the electricity market in Vietnam will be formed and developed through 3 levels: Level 1 (2005 – 2014): Competitive electricity generation market; Level 2 (2015 – 2022): The competitive wholesale electricity market; Level 3 (after 2022): The competitive electricity retail market. The formation and development of the electricity market is a long-term process, requiring the consistent direction of the Government and the coordinated coordination of units. In which, Electricity of Vietnam plays a leading role in this development process.

23. EVNTelecom officially became a full provider of public telecommunications services

In May 2006, EVNTelecom put the nationwide mobile phone service (E-Mobile) into operation and officially became a full provider of public telecommunications services nationwide. With CDMA 2000 1x technology with frequency of 450 MHz, up to now, EVNTelecom has developed strong technical infrastructure, coverage, implemented good promotions, constantly expanding market share, increasing the number of customers. goods reached 4.1 million. In particular, recently, EVNTelecom has cooperated with Hanoi Telecom, becoming one of the four suppliers (along with Viettel, VinaPhone, MobiFone), which was granted a 3G license by the Ministry of Information and Communications. This event opened up new opportunities for the Telecommunications industry in promoting the capacity to provide multimedia telecommunications services such as wireless Internet, television, radio services … into a key business line, contributing to increasing profits and financial support for investment in production development of EVN.

24. Establishing Vietnam Electricity Group

On June 22, 2006, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 147 / QD-TTg on approving the Scheme on the formation of Vietnam Electricity Corporation, with three main business fields being electricity and mechanical engineering. and telecommunications. Decision 148/2006 / QD-TTG dated June 22, 2006 on the establishment of the Parent Company – Vietnam Electricity. On December 17, 2006, Electricity of Vietnam was officially launched, marking a major turning point, making the Electricity industry quickly become a strong economic corporation, with diversified business lines and multi-ownership. have modern technology, management, high specialization and effective international integration.

25. Establishment of the Electricity University

On June 30, 2006, the Electricity University (EPU) was established on the basis of upgrading the College of Electricity. With 11 training majors, EPU contributes to strengthening the capacity of training highly qualified human resources for the Electricity industry.

26. The Party Committee of Vietnam Electricity Group was born

On October 8, 2007, the Party Committee of the Central Business Division issued Decision No. 299 QD / ĐUK on establishing the Party Committee of the Parent Company – Vietnam Electricity Corporation, named the Party Committee of Electricity of Vietnam. . The establishment of the Electricity of Vietnam Party Committee and the consolidation and arrangement of affiliated party organizations will create conditions for further promoting the Party’s role and effective leadership in electricity enterprises.

27. Setting up the Electricity Trading Company

On December 31, 2007, the Board of Directors of Vietnam Electricity Group issued Decision No. 1182 / QD-EVN-HDQT on establishing the Electricity Trading Company (EPTC), with the main task: plan, negotiate and perform electricity purchase and sale contracts; agreement, signing of technical design, management of electricity metering system in service of electricity trading; participating in operation of the internal and competitive electricity market … The Electricity Trading Company has been self-perfecting, conducting research, innovation, training and preparing optimal conditions, ready for all levels. Next of the electricity market and business activities in the coming time.

28. Establishing the National Power Transmission Corporation

On July 4, 2008, the National Power Transmission Corporation (NPT) was established with the model of one-member limited liability company, wholly owned by EVN, including 4 transmission companies 1, 2, 3 and 4. and 3 Management Boards of power projects in the North, Central and South. NPT is responsible for investing, organizing and operating the electricity transmission system from 220 kV to 500 kV of the national electricity system. The main objective is to provide safe, continuous, stable and reliable electricity transmission services; ensure the supply of electricity for national economic, political, security and national defense activities; effective business production, preservation and development of allocated capital.

29. Establishment of Electricity Joint-stock Finance Company

On September 1, 2008, Electricity Joint Stock Finance Company (EVNFinance) officially opened its operation, with the main function of arranging capital and providing financial products and services for the Electricity industry and other cities. economic part. With the chartered capital of VND 2,500 billion, EVNFinance aims to develop to become a professional financial institution in credit financing activities, consulting, financial investment activities …

30. The Government recognizes the traditional day of Electricity of Vietnam

On October 12, 2009, the Prime Minister signed Decision No. 1594 / QD-TTg formally recognizing December 21 every year as “Vietnam Electricity Traditional Day”. The Prime Minister requested the organization of the Traditional Day to ensure the thrift and traditional education of the Electricity of Vietnam, and to encourage the movement of production labor for the development of the industry and the country. Up to now, after more than half a century, generations of electricity workers and employees have always complied with Uncle Ho’s instructions 55 years ago when visiting Yen Phu and Bo Ho power plants on December 21, 1954, preserving and promoting the achievements of the previous generations, constantly developing production, performing well the management and safe operation of the national electricity system, making a worthy contribution to the cause of construction and maintenance. national defense.

31. Step by step restructuring the Electricity industry

In accordance with the Electricity Law and the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 26/2006 / QD-TTg of January 26, 2006, approving the roadmap, conditions for formation and development of electricity market levels in Vietnam, In order to gradually market the electricity industry, up to now, together with relevant departments, EVN is actively implementing the policy of restructuring the electricity industry. In particular, under the direction of the Prime Minister (Announcement No. 232 / TB-VPCP of July 31, 2009), EVN has formulated and submitted to the Government a proposal to set up 5 Power Corporations: North, Central, Southern, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City operate under the model of holding company – subsidiary company on the basis of reorganizing 11 existing power companies. In addition, a Steering Committee for the construction of the Independent Power Generation Corporation has been set up to submit to the Prime Minister for decision in the first quarter of 2010.

32. The 12th National Assembly, 6th session, approved the investment policy to build Ninh Thuan Nuclear Power Plant and Lai Chau Hydropower.

On November 25, 2009, with 77.48% of delegates approved, the policy of investing in building Ninh Thuan’s nuclear power plant – the first nuclear power plant in Vietnam was approved by the XII National Assembly at its session. 6th through. Accordingly, Ninh Thuan nuclear power project consists of 2 plants with a total capacity of 4000 MW. Ninh Thuan 1 nuclear power plant, built in Phuoc Dinh commune, Thuan Nam district, will start construction in 2014 and put the first unit into operation in 2020. Ninh Thuan nuclear power plant 2 will be located in Vinh Hai commune, Ninh district. Hai. This is an important step in the process of developing peaceful nuclear power in Vietnam. Earlier, in September 2007, EVN established the Investment Preparation Board for Nuclear Power and Renewable Energy Project (NRPB) to carry out investment preparation for this project.

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